全文搜索实战教程

// app/core/service/internal/service/post_service.go
func (s *PostService) Create(ctx context.Context, req *contentV1.CreatePostRequest) (*contentV1.Post, error) {
    // 1. 写入数据库
    post, err := s.postRepo.Create(ctx, req)
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }

    // 2. 同步到 OpenSearch（异步任务）
    s.task.Enqueue(ctx, task.TypeIndexPost, &task.IndexPostPayload{
        PostId: post.Id,
        Action: "create",
    })

    return post, nil
}

func (s *PostService) Update(ctx context.Context, req *contentV1.UpdatePostRequest) (*contentV1.Post, error) {
    post, err := s.postRepo.Update(ctx, req)
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }

    // 同步更新索引
    s.task.Enqueue(ctx, task.TypeIndexPost, &task.IndexPostPayload{
        PostId: post.Id,
        Action: "update",
    })

    return post, nil
}

func (s *PostService) Delete(ctx context.Context, req *contentV1.DeletePostRequest) (*emptypb.Empty, error) {
    if err := s.postRepo.Delete(ctx, req); err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }

    // 删除索引
    s.task.Enqueue(ctx, task.TypeIndexPost, &task.IndexPostPayload{
        PostId: req.GetId(),
        Action: "delete",
    })

    return &emptypb.Empty{}, nil
}

// app/core/service/internal/server/asynq_server.go
func HandleIndexPost(ctx context.Context, t *asynq.Task) error {
    var payload task.IndexPostPayload
    if err := json.Unmarshal(t.Payload(), &payload); err != nil {
        return err
    }

    switch payload.Action {
    case "create", "update":
        // 从数据库获取最新数据
        post, err := postRepo.Get(ctx, payload.PostId)
        if err != nil {
            return err
        }
        // 索引到 OpenSearch
        return searchClient.Index(ctx, "cms_posts", post)

    case "delete":
        // 从 OpenSearch 删除
        return searchClient.Delete(ctx, "cms_posts", fmt.Sprint(payload.PostId))
    }

    return nil
}

func (s *PostService) RebuildIndex(ctx context.Context) error {
    // 1. 删除旧索引
    s.searchClient.DeleteIndex(ctx, "cms_posts")

    // 2. 创建新索引
    s.searchClient.CreateIndex(ctx, "cms_posts", postMapping)

    // 3. 分批导入数据
    pageSize := 100
    page := 1
    for {
        posts, err := s.postRepo.List(ctx, &pagination.PagingRequest{
            Page: uint32(page), PageSize: uint32(pageSize),
        })
        if err != nil {
            return err
        }

        // 批量索引
        s.searchClient.BulkIndex(ctx, "cms_posts", posts.Items)

        if len(posts.Items) < pageSize {
            break
        }
        page++
    }

    return nil
}

// app/core/service/internal/service/search_service.go
func (s *SearchService) Search(ctx context.Context, req *searchV1.SearchRequest) (*searchV1.SearchResponse, error) {
    query := opensearch.NewBoolQuery()

    // 全文搜索
    if req.GetQuery() != "" {
        multiMatch := opensearch.NewMultiMatchQuery(req.GetQuery()).
            Field("title", 3).      // 标题权重 3
            Field("summary", 2).    // 摘要权重 2
            Field("content", 1).    // 正文权重 1
            Type("best_fields").
            Analyzer("ik_smart")
        query.Must(multiMatch)
    }

    // 语言过滤
    if locale := req.GetLocale(); locale != "" {
        query.Filter(opensearch.NewTermQuery("language_code", locale))
    }

    // 分类过滤
    if categoryId := req.GetCategoryId(); categoryId > 0 {
        query.Filter(opensearch.NewTermQuery("categories.id", categoryId))
    }

    // 标签过滤
    for _, tagName := range req.GetTagNames() {
        query.Filter(opensearch.NewTermQuery("tags.name", tagName))
    }

    // 只搜索已发布内容
    query.Filter(opensearch.NewTermQuery("status", 1))

    // 构建搜索请求
    searchSource := opensearch.NewSearchSource().
        Query(query).
        From(int((req.GetPage() - 1) * req.GetPageSize())).
        Size(int(req.GetPageSize())).
        Highlight(opensearch.NewHighlight().
            Field("title").
            Field("summary").
            PreTags("<em>").
            PostTags("</em>"))

    // 排序
    if req.GetSortBy() == "date" {
        searchSource.Sort("created_at", false)
    } else {
        searchSource.Sort("_score", false)
    }

    // 执行搜索
    result, err := s.searchClient.Search(ctx, "cms_posts", searchSource)
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }

    // 构建响应
    hits := make([]*searchV1.SearchHit, len(result.Hits))
    for i, hit := range result.Hits {
        hits[i] = &searchV1.SearchHit{
            Type:      "post",
            Id:        hit.Source.Id,
            Title:     hit.Source.Title,
            Summary:   hit.Source.Summary,
            Url:       fmt.Sprintf("/posts/%s", hit.Source.Slug),
            Highlight: hit.Highlight["title"],
            Score:     hit.Score,
        }
    }

    return &searchV1.SearchResponse{
        Hits:   hits,
        Total:  result.Total,
        TookMs: result.Took,
    }, nil
}

// 标题匹配权重最高，摘要次之，正文最低
multiMatch := opensearch.NewMultiMatchQuery(query).
    Field("title^3").        // 权重 3
    Field("title.prefix^2"). // 前缀匹配权重 2
    Field("summary^2").
    Field("content^1").
    Type("best_fields").
    TieBreaker(0.3)