性能监控实战教程

// Admin Service → Core Service 的 gRPC 调用会自动传递 Trace 上下文
// Kratos 框架内置 OpenTelemetry 中间件，自动注入/提取 Span

// 手动添加自定义 Span
func (s *PostService) Create(ctx context.Context, req *contentV1.CreatePostRequest) (*contentV1.Post, error) {
    ctx, span := tracer.Start(ctx, "PostService.Create")
    defer span.End()

    span.SetAttributes(
        attribute.String("post.title", req.Data.GetTitle()),
        attribute.Int("post.author_id", int(req.Data.GetCreatedBy())),
    )

    post, err := s.postRepo.Create(ctx, req)
    if err != nil {
        span.RecordError(err)
        return nil, err
    }

    span.SetAttributes(attribute.Int("post.id", int(post.GetId())))
    return post, nil
}

// 为慢请求添加标记
func (r *PostRepo) List(ctx context.Context, req *paginationV1.PagingRequest) (*contentV1.ListPostResponse, error) {
    ctx, span := tracer.Start(ctx, "PostRepo.List")
    defer span.End()

    start := time.Now()

    // 查询
    result, err := r.query(ctx, req)

    duration := time.Since(start)
    span.SetAttributes(
        attribute.Int64("db.duration_ms", duration.Milliseconds()),
        attribute.Int("result.count", len(result.Items)),
    )

    // 慢查询标记
    if duration > 200*time.Millisecond {
        span.SetAttributes(attribute.Bool("db.slow_query", true))
        log.Warnf("慢查询: PostRepo.List 耗时 %v", duration)
    }

    return result, err
}

// pkg/cache/cache.go
type Cache struct {
    client *redis.Client
    log    *log.Helper
}

func (c *Cache) GetOrSet(ctx context.Context, key string, ttl time.Duration, fn func() (interface{}, error)) (interface{}, error) {
    // 1. 尝试从缓存读取
    val, err := c.client.Get(ctx, key).Result()
    if err == nil {
        c.log.Debugf("缓存命中: %s", key)
        return val, nil
    }

    // 2. 缓存未命中，执行函数
    result, err := fn()
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }

    // 3. 写入缓存
    data, _ := json.Marshal(result)
    c.client.Set(ctx, key, data, ttl)
    c.log.Debugf("缓存写入: %s, TTL=%v", key, ttl)

    return result, nil
}

func (s *PostService) Get(ctx context.Context, req *contentV1.GetPostRequest) (*contentV1.Post, error) {
    cacheKey := fmt.Sprintf("post:detail:%d:%s", req.GetId(), req.GetLocale())

    return s.cache.GetOrSet(ctx, cacheKey, 10*time.Minute, func() (*contentV1.Post, error) {
        return s.postRepo.Get(ctx, req)
    })
}

func (s *PostService) Update(ctx context.Context, req *contentV1.UpdatePostRequest) (*contentV1.Post, error) {
    post, err := s.postRepo.Update(ctx, req)
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }

    // 清除详情缓存
    s.cache.Del(ctx, fmt.Sprintf("post:detail:%d", post.GetId()))
    // 清除列表缓存
    s.cache.DelPattern(ctx, "post:list:*")

    return post, nil
}

// pkg/metrics/metrics.go
var (
    httpRequestDuration = prometheus.NewHistogramVec(
        prometheus.HistogramOpts{
            Name: "http_request_duration_seconds",
            Help: "HTTP request duration",
        },
        []string{"method", "path", "status"},
    )

    grpcRequestDuration = prometheus.NewHistogramVec(
        prometheus.HistogramOpts{
            Name: "grpc_request_duration_seconds",
            Help: "gRPC request duration",
        },
        []string{"service", "method"},
    )

    cacheHitRate = prometheus.NewGaugeVec(
        prometheus.GaugeOpts{
            Name: "cache_hit_rate",
            Help: "Cache hit rate",
        },
        []string{"cache_type"},
    )
)